In the field of material surface treatment, shot blasting and shot peening are two commonly used processes that exhibit some differences in principles, efficiency, applicable scenarios, and other aspects.

  Differences in Principles

  Shot Blasting: Utilizes compressed air as a driving force to propel abrasives (such as steel shots) onto the surface of the steel being treated at a certain speed. Through the impact and abrasive action of the abrasives on the steel surface, oxides, rust products, and other contaminants are removed from the steel surface.

  Shot Peening: Employs high-speed operation of mechanical equipment to throw steel shots of a certain size through the centrifugal force of the blasting head, which violently collides with the component to remove rust from the steel surface.

  Efficiency and Applicability

  Shot Blasting: Suitable for small workpieces with complex shapes due to its fine nature and ease of precision control, but its efficiency is lower than that of shot peening.

  Shot Peening: Suitable for batch processing of large workpieces with a single flat surface. It is economical and practical, easy to control efficiency and cost, and the blasting effect can be controlled by adjusting the number of shots.

  Surface Treatment Effect

  Shot Blasting: Can improve the mechanical strength, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance of parts. It can also be used for surface matting, oxide scale removal, and elimination of residual stress in casting, forging, and welded components.

  Shot Peening: Shot peening significantly increases the surface roughness of the steel substrate to about 6μm and refines the surface grains to the nanoscale, thereby enhancing its wettability and improving the anti-chalking performance of the coating.

  Environmental Impact

  Shot Blasting: The process generates a large amount of silicon dust that cannot be easily removed, seriously affecting the health of operators and polluting the environment.

  Shot Peening: The cleaned surface is less prone to moisture and rust, making it suitable for environments with a humidity requirement of less than 85%.

  Economic Benefits

  Shot Blasting: According to feedback from users, the service life of steel wire cut shots is more than 15 times that of cast iron shots. A blasting head can save at least RMB 9,000 in a year by reducing wear on blades and impellers.

  Shot Peening: Shot peening does not require compressed air to accelerate the shots, eliminating the need for a high-power air compressor station. It offers high cleaning efficiency, low costs, requires fewer operators, and is easy to automate.

  In summary, both shot blasting and shot peening have their respective advantages. The choice between the two methods depends on specific application requirements, workpiece characteristics, and production conditions.

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